Photograph-burnishing machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. T. BALDWIN.

PHOTOGRAPH BURNISHING MACHINE. No. 311,463; Patented Feb. 3, 1885.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M. T. BALDWIN.

PHOTOGRAPH BURNISHING MACHINE.

ww g M UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MYRON T. BALD\VIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PHOTOGRAPH-BURNISHING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,463, dated February 3, 1885.

Application filed July 31,18 4.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MYRON 'l. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cool; and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and Improved Burnishing-Machine; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My improvement is designed particularly for use in burnishing photographs, and operates by passing the photograph back and forth, thereby compressing it between revolving rollers having smooth surfaces and having the lower one heated by means of a flame.

It is my object to provide a bnrnishingma chine of the above description which shall operate to perform its work perfectly, and which shall comprise great simplicity in the construction of its parts, entailing their ready adjustment with the necessary accuracy, and en abling the device to be produced at a very low comparative cost.

To this end my invention consists in providing rollers to revolve in suitable journalbearings resting in the frame of the device, and means, of particular construction, for heating one of the rollers.

My invention also consists in providing mechanism for adjusting the rollers with re lation to each other; and my invention further consists in certain details of construction and combinations of parts, all as hereinafter more particularly set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved machine for burnishing photographs, having a portion broken away to show a detail; Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a perspective view of one half of a 40 journalbearing, showing its construction; and

Fig. 4, a horizontal section through the standards, representing a bottom plan view of the device to show the construction of details.

A is the base of the machine.

B B are cast-iron standards, formed with a view to the production of lightness and to the saving of material, and provided each in its upper end with a recess to receive the journal-bearings hereinafter described.

0 and E are rollers, formed preferably of steel, and nickel-plated upon their surface to render them perfectly smooth.

The roller 0 (No model.)

is supported on its journals within bearings it, lying in the recesses provided, as hereinbefore described, in each standard. A crank, s, is provided upon one end of the roller 0, to afford means for operating the device, and upon the opposite end a cog-wheel, D, is pro vided. The roller E is placed above the roller 0 and supported on its journals within bearings r and 1", provided each on its under side with a lug, 7' cast with it and resting upon the bearings t and t. A cog-wheel, D, is provided upon one end of the roller E, to mesh with the cog-wheel D upon the roller 0 and cause the rollers to be revolved by means of the handle 8.

The purpose of the construction of the rollers above described is to produce pressure upon the surface of a photograph. It may here be stated that the device is operated by turning the crank s backward and forward when the photograph is between the rollers, whereby the surface to be burnished is pressed against the roller 0.

For the sake of ease in the construction of the ournal-bearings they are cast in two parts, a and it. one part, as, being shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, which resembles in every particular its companion part, a, except ing that the former, which forms the lower part of the upper bearings, r r, is provided with a short ing, 1"", on its under side. XVhen so cast, the parts are placed together and smoothed on their inner sides, forming the receptacle for the journal by drilling, and the recess (1, (see Fig. 3,) the lateral flanges of which embrace the sides of the rear portions of the uprights 3 13, back of the recesses formed in the latter to receive the journalbearings, to retain the latter in true position, is filed smooth. lhe rear portion of each upright is extended upward and provided with an annular head, 1), overhanging the journalbearings, in each of which annular heads a setserew, p, operates to press the journalbearings r 1' against the bearings t t, to adjust within very narrow limits the roller E with reference to the roller 0. lhis construction renders the removal, when desired, of the rollers very easy by turning the set-screws 1) to raise them, and thereby permit the rollers to be lifted out of the recesses in the stand ards B.

To apply the necessary heat to the roller 0, a single flame may be used, though more than one flame may be employed, it so desired. This flame is shown as provided in the form of a gas-burner, 0, upon a vertical piece of gas-pipe, a, projecting upward underneath the roller 0 from a horizontal gaspipe, a, supported toward each end in the standards B B, as shown in Fig. 1, and to one end of which connection may be inadeby means of a rubber hose, for instancewith the gas-sup ply. A lamp of any suitable construction may be used instead of a gas-flame, and, if desired, more than one lamp, or an oil-stove will also answer. It is of course important to prevent the smoke from the flame employed from blackening the surface of the roller 0; and it is desirable, also, to avoid as much as possible heating of the journal bearings. These objects are attained by the construction hereinafter described, which at the same time affords a means of diffusing the heat from a single flame centrally located below the roller 0 throughout its whole extent.

F is apetticoat, of cast-iron, having oblique sides approaching each other in an upward direction, and having an extension, m, east upon each end, which is concaved upon its upper edge, the extension being in the form of an oblong square, lying lengthwise transversely to the petticoat, with its lower side removed. I

G is an apron, formed of tin, curved to conform to the shape of the portion of the roller 0, which lies within it when adjusted in position, as hereinafter described, and attached to the petticoat l? by bending its lateral edges over the sides of the petticoat, where it is fastened by means of screws Z, passing through the bent edges into the sides of the petticoat and through strips of nickel-plated metal 70, which are thereby pressed against the bent edges of the apron G, and afford a convenient and at the same time an ornamental means of screwing the apron in place. The openings in the strips A, through which the screws Z pass, are made elongated to permit close adjustment of the strips to the roller 0 to prevent the escape of heat. The adjustment of the petticoat is effected by means of the setscrews i, of which one is provided at each end of the device, passing horizontally through elongated openings in the standards B, and through openings formed in the ends of the petticoat to receive them. The petticoat F is formed, including the end projection, in, of a length suflicient to cause it to reach from the inner side of one standard B to that of the other, whereby, the projections in coming into contact with the inner surfaces of the standards, chambers h, Fig. 4, are formed, opening downward, in which air is permitted to cireulate to prevent overheating of the journals.

, If desired, the chambers h can be provided wholly within. the petticoat without the assistance of the inner sides of the standards of the machine to form the outer wall of each;

but the construction shown and described is the one preferred. Vhen the apron G is adjusted in position, a piece of blotting-paper or similar substance should be placed between it and the roller 0, to prevent the two from com ing into contact with each other, whereby the surface of the roller might be injured. \Vhen the apron shall have been adjusted in the desired position, the separator intervening between the apron and the roller C should be withdrawn.

If desired, my improved heating mechanism may be applied to burnishers in which the polishing of photographs is effected by a differential movement of the rollers O and E, produced by a difference in the size of the cog-wheels D and D, a construction which is known to be old, wherein the object to be burnished is polished by the friction of the lower roller, which moves faster than the upper roller, upon its surface, the upper roller being draw-filed to operate as a friction-roller upon the back of the photograph to cause the latter to be moved readily between the rollers.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A burnishing machine comprising, in combination, rollers supported upon journals in the frame of the machine, a petticoat, F, provided with chambers It, means for heating the roller 0, and means for revolving the said rollers, substantially as described.

2. In a burnishing machine having standards B B, the combination, with the roller 0, of a petticoat, F, adjustably secured to the said standards, and provided with an apron, G, and an extension, m, at each end to form chambers h with the inner surfaces of the standards B B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a burnishing machine, the combination of the following elements, viz: standards B B, journal -bearings t, t, r, and 1', each formed in two parts and lying within recesses formed in the standards B B, and provided each with a recess, g, which embraces the standard in which it rests, rollers G and E, supported on their journals within the said bearings and revolving at a differential speed, means for adjusting the rollers O and E with relation to each other, and means for heating the roller 0 by radiation, the whole being constructed and arranged to operate substantially as described.

at. In a burnishing machine, the combination of the following elements, viz: standards B B, journal bearings t, t, 1', and 1-, each formed in two parts and lying within recesses formed in the standards B B, and provided each with a recess, (1, which embraces the standard in which it rests, rollers G and E, supported on their journals within the said bearings, means for revolving the said rollers, a cog\vheel, D, on the roller 0, and a cogwheel, D, on the roller E and of greater diameter than the cog wheel D, means for adjusting the rollers G and E with relation to each other, a petticoat, F, adjustably secured to the said standards and provided with an apron, G, and an extension, m, at each end to form chambers h with the inner surfaces of the standards, and means for heating the apron G, the whole being constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a burnishing machine, the combina tion of the following elements, viz: recessed standards B B, journal-bearings t, t, a, and 1', each formed in two parts and lying within the recesses formed in the said standards and pro vided each with a recess, ],which embraces the standard in which it rests, rollers O and E, supported on their journals within the said bearings, annular heads 17, formed upon extensions of the said standards, set-screws 19 within the said annular heads, to press upon the journalbearings of the said rollers and effect the adjustment of their proximity to each other, and to permit by the release of the said setscrews the ready removal of the said rollers, means for revolving the said rollers, a cogwhcel, D, on the roller 0, a cog-wheel, D, on

the roller E and of greater diameter than the I 

